Mass Spectrometry

EPR Spectroscopy

EPR (Electron Paramagnetic Resonance) is a spectroscopic technique that detects species that have unpaired electrons. It is also called as ESR (Electron Spin Resonance). A large number of materials have unpaired electrons which include free radicals, many transition metal ions, and defects. Free electrons are often short-lived, but still play vital roles in many processes such as photosynthesis, oxidation, catalysis, and polymerization reactions. As a result EPR crosses several disciplines like chemistry, physics, biology, materials science, medical science and many more.